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The focus of art music was characterized by exploration. Claude Debussy has become well-known and respected for his orientation towards colours and depictions in his compositional style. Igor Stravinsky ,Arnold Schoenberg ,and John Cage were all influential composers in 20th century art music.

Jazz evolved and became a significant genre of music over the course of the 20th century, and during the second half of that century, rock music did the same. Jazz is an American musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States from a confluence of African and European music traditions.

Rock music is a genre of popular music that developed in the 1960s from 1950s rock and roll ,
rockabilly ,blues ,and country music. The sound of rock often revolves around the electric guitar or acoustic guitar, and it uses a strong back beat laid down by a rhythm section of electric bass guitar , drums, and keyboard instruments such as organ ,piano ,or, since the 1970s, digital synthesizers. Along with the guitar or keyboards, saxophone and blues-style harmonica are used as soloing instruments. In its "purest form", it "has three chords, a strong, insistent back beat, and a catchy melody. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, rock music branched out into different subgenres, ranging from blues rock.